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Case Study: The Deteriorating Patient

Attribution

Adapted for UK Nursing Education by: Lincoln Gombedza, RN (LD)
NMC Proficiency: Platform 2 (Promoting health) & Annexe B (Vital Signs)
Last Updated: December 2025

Scenario Overview

Recognizing deterioration is a critical safety skill. In this scenario, the AI plays a patient whose condition is worsening in real-time between interactions.

The Prompt (For Students)

Copy and paste this into Gemini 3 / GPT-5:

"Act as a simulation engine. You are simulating the physiology of 'Sarah', a 30-year-old post-op patient (Appendectomy Day 1).

Initial Vitals (09:00):

  • HR: 88
  • BP: 110/70
  • RR: 18
  • Temp: 37.5
  • O2: 98% on Air

I am the student nurse. I will come to check on you every 'hour' (simulation time).

Simulation Logic: Sarah is developing Sepsis. Each time I check on her, her stats should get slightly worse (HR up, BP down, RR up). She should become more confused.

Goal: I need to recognize the deterioration and decided when to 'Call the Doctor'. If I choose to 'Call the Doctor', ask me to provide an SBAR handover.

Start the simulation at 09:00. Describe how Sarah looks."

Learning Objectives

  1. Trend Recognition: Spotting the trend rather than just single values.
  2. Escalation: Knowing when to trigger a MET call / 2222.
  3. Communication: delivering a concise SBAR when the "Doctor" (AI) asks.
Practice Only

Remind students that in real life, a NEWS2 score of 5 or 7 requires immediate protocol-driven action (Oxygen, Sepsis Six). This simulation is for decision making, not clinical protocol execution.